Hypothesis:

Intensified cyclone impacts, enhanced sea-ice dynamics, and thinner ice thickness contribute significantly to Arctic amplification.

Specifically we want to answer the following questions:

• How are sea-ice dynamics affected by changing lead fraction and thinner sea ice?
• How do cyclones impact the sea ice in present and future climate?
• Does a clustering of cyclones amplify these sea-ice impacts?

We evaluate the contribution of cyclones, sea-ice dynamics and thickness changes to Arctic amplification to contribute to SQ1. Based on CMIP6 global coupled climate simulations we estimate the impact of cyclones on the sea ice/ocean under climate change and thus on the future evolution of Arctic amplification (SQ3).

Achievements phase II

• New Arctic-wide observational data sets of sea-ice roughness, and ridge spacing.
• New estimates of sea-ice volume export trends.
• Improved Arctic process descriptions, like surface drag and albedo, relevant for the thermodynamic and dynamic coupling of atmosphere and sea ice were transferred to models.
• New insights into cyclone impacts on sea ice / ocean in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean, driven by dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms, were provided.

Achievements phase I

D03 achieved new data sets of sea-ice concentration (Lu et al., 2018), thickness, and snow depth on sea ice (Rostosky et al., 2018). Furthermore, the new coupled regional atmosphere-ice-ocean model HIRHAM-NAOSIM was upgraded with new model components, which include physical and numerical improvements and higher resolution, and a revised coupling (Dorn et al., 2018). Improved Arctic process descriptions (sea-ice drag and albedo) were implemented. An assessment of cyclone characteristics and the relation between atmospheric circulation anomalies (including intense storms) and sea ice was realised (Graham et al., 2019a; Semenov et al., 2019). Simulations with HIRHAM-NAOSIM have revealed a clear statistical relationship between summer sea-ice melt rate and atmospheric circulation (Rinke et al., 2019).

Role within (AC)³

Project Posters

Phase III Evaluation poster 2023	Phase II Evaluation poster 2019	Phase I Evaluation poster 2015

Project Members

Publications

2026

Landwehrs, J., Murto, S., Gebhardt, F., Gilbert, E., and Rinke, A. , 2026: Topographic effects of Svalbard on warm and moist air intrusions into the Central Arctic. Weather Clim. Dyn., 7(1):341–365, doi:10.5194/wcd-7-341-2026

2025

Zhang, X., Vihma, T., Rinke, A., Moore, G. W. K., Tang, H., Äijälä, C., DuVivier, A., Huang, J., Landrum, L., Li, C., Zhang, J., Boisvert, L., Cheng, B., Cohen, J., Handorf, D., Hanna, E., Hartmuth, K., Jonassen, M. O., Luo, Y., Murto, S., Overland, J. E., Parker, C., Perrie, W., Schulz, K., Schweiger, A., Spengler, T., Steele, M., Tung, W., Tyrrell, N., Valkonen, E., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Weijer, W., Wickström, S., Wu, Y., and Zhang, M. , October 2025: Weather and climate extremes in a changing Arctic. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, doi:10.1038/s43017-025-00724-4

Dahlke, S., Rinke, A., Shupe, M. D., and Cox, C. J. , April 2025: The two arctic wintertime boundary layer states: Disentangling the role of cloud and wind regimes in reanalysis and observations during MOSAiC. Atmospheric Sci. Lett., doi:10.1002/asl.1298

Jäkel, E., Sperzel, T. R., Wendisch, M., Wolf, K., Lampert, A., Birnbaum, G., and Dorn, W. , 2025: What determines the Arctic solar radiation energy budget at the surface most strongly: Clouds, surface albedo, or the solar zenith angle? JEMS, 3:100016, doi:10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100016

Tiedeck, S. and Rinke, A. , 2025: Extending the surface energy budget view on arctic atmospheric rivers: Climatological classifications and dependence on the flavor. Geophys. Res. Lett., 52(23):e2025GL118799, doi:10.1029/2025GL118799

Cheng, Y., Cheng, B., Pirazzini, R., Macfarlane, A. R., Vihma, T., Dorn, W., Dadic, R., Schneebeli, M., Arndt, S., and Rinke, A. , 2025: Seasonal evolution of snow density and its impact on thermal regime of sea ice during the MOSAiC expedition. EGUsphere, 2025:1–31, doi:10.5194/egusphere-2025-1164

Chen, S., Spreen, G., Hui, F., Cheng, X., and Zhang, Z. , 2025: High-resolution Arctic sea ice lead variations during wintertime (2016–2023) from SAR observations. Adv. Clim. Change Res., 16(5):922–934, doi:10.1016/j.accre.2025.08.006

2024

Foth, L., Dorn, W., Rinke, A., Jäkel, E., and Niehaus, H. , September 2024: On the Importance to Consider the Cloud Dependence in Parameterizing the Albedo of Snow on Sea Ice. The Cryosphere, 18(9):4053–4064, doi:10.5194/tc-18-4053-2024

Rabe, B., Cox, C. J., Fang, Y., Goessling, H., Granskog, M. A., Hoppmann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Krumpen, T., Kuznetsov, I., Lei, R., Li, T., Maslowski, W., Nicolaus, M., Perovich, D., Persson, O., Regnery, J., Rigor, I., Shupe, M. D., Sokolov, V., Spreen, G., Stanton, T., Watkins, D. M., Blockley, E., Buenger, H. J., Cole, S., Fong, A., Haapala, J., Heuzé, C., Hoppe, C. J. M., Janout, M., Jutila, A., Katlein, C., Krishfield, R., Lin, L., Ludwig, V., Morgenstern, A., O'Brien, J., Zurita, A. Q., Rackow, T., Riemann-Campe, K., Rohde, J., Shaw, W., Smolyanitsky, V., Solomon, A., Sperling, A., Tao, R., Toole, J., Tsamados, M., Zhu, J., and Zuo, G. , May 2024: The MOSAiC Distributed Network: Observing the Coupled Arctic System with Multidisciplinary, Coordinated Platforms. Elem Sci Anth, 12(1):00103, doi:10.1525/elementa.2023.00103

2023

Mchedlishvili, A., Lüpkes, C., Petty, A., Tsamados, M., and Spreen, G. , September 2023: New Estimates of Pan-Arctic Sea Ice–Atmosphere Neutral Drag Coefficients from ICESat-2 Elevation Data. The Cryosphere, 17(9):4103–4131, doi:10.5194/tc-17-4103-2023

Heukamp, F. O., Aue, L., Wang, Q., Ionita, M., Kanzow, T., Wekerle, C., and Rinke, A. , September 2023: Cyclones Modulate the Control of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Transports into the Barents Sea. Commun. Earth Environ., 4(1):324, doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00985-1

Aue, L. and Rinke, A. , September 2023: Cyclone Impacts on Sea Ice Concentration in the Atlantic Arctic Ocean: Annual Cycle and Recent Changes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 50(17):e2023GL104657, doi:10.1029/2023GL104657

Aue, L., Röntgen, L., Dorn, W., Uotila, P., Vihma, T., Spreen, G., and Rinke, A. , April 2023: Impact of Three Intense Winter Cyclones on the Sea Ice Cover in the Barents Sea: A Case Study with a Coupled Regional Climate Model. Front. Earth Sci., 11:1112467, doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1112467

Salganik, E., Katlein, C., Lange, B. A., Matero, I., Lei, R., Fong, A. A., Fons, S. W., Divine, D., Oggier, M., Castellani, G., Bozzato, D., Chamberlain, E. J., Hoppe, C. J. M., Müller, O., Gardner, J., Rinke, A., Pereira, P. S., Ulfsbo, A., Marsay, C., Webster, M. A., Maus, S., Høyland, K. V., and Granskog, M. A. , March 2023: Temporal Evolution of Under-Ice Meltwater Layers and False Bottoms and Their Impact on Summer Arctic Sea Ice Mass Balance. Elem. Sci. Anthr., 11(1):00035, doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00035

Röntgen, L. Performance of a Coupled Arctic Climate Model Compared to MOSAiC Observations and Its Sensitivity to a Change in Snow Thermal Conductivity. PhD thesis, Techn. Univ. Berlin, March 2023. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7693669.

Wang, Q., Shu, Q., Wang, S., Beszczynska-Moeller, A., Danilov, S., Steur, L., Haine, T. W. N., Karcher, M., Lee, C. M., Myers, P. G., Polyakov, I. V., Provost, C., Skagseth, Ø., Spreen, G., and Woodgate, R. , January 2023: A Review of Arctic–Subarctic Ocean Linkages: Past Changes, Mechanisms, and Future Projections. Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Res., 2:0013, doi:10.34133/olar.0013

2022

Aue, L., Vihma, T., Uotila, P., and Rinke, A. , November 2022: New Insights Into Cyclone Impacts on Sea Ice in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean in Winter. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49(22):e2022GL100051, doi:10.1029/2022GL100051

Angelopoulos, M., Damm, E., Simões Pereira, P., Abrahamsson, K., Bauch, D., Bowman, J., Castellani, G., Creamean, J., Divine, D. V., Dumitrascu, A., Fons, S. W., Granskog, M. A., Kolabutin, N., Krumpen, T., Marsay, C., Nicolaus, M., Oggier, M., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Shimanchuk, E., Stefels, J., Stephens, M., Ulfsbo, A., Verdugo, J., Wang, L., Zhan, L., and Haas, C. , August 2022: Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways. Front. Earth Sci., 10:864523, doi:10.3389/feart.2022.864523

Shi, Q., Su, J., Spreen, G., and Yang, Q. , June 2022: An Improved Sea-Ice Velocity Retrieval Algorithm Based on 89 GHz Brightness Temperature Satellite Data in the Fram Strait. Earth Space Sci., 9(6):e2021EA002170, doi:10.1029/2021EA002170

Zhang, X., Fu, Y., Han, Z., Overland, J. E., Rinke, A., Tang, H., Vihma, T., and Wang, M. , April 2022: Extreme Cold Events from East Asia to North America in Winter 2020/21: Comparisons, Causes, and Future Implications. Adv. Atmospheric Sci., 39(4):553–565, doi:10.1007/s00376-021-1229-1

Dethloff, K., Maslowski, W., Hendricks, S., Lee, Y. J., Goessling, H. F., Krumpen, T., Haas, C., Handorf, D., Ricker, R., Bessonov, V., Cassano, J. J., Kinney, J. C., Osinski, R., Rex, M., Rinke, A., Sokolova, J., and Sommerfeld, A. , March 2022: Arctic Sea Ice Anomalies during the MOSAiC Winter 2019/20. The Cryosphere, 16(3):981–1005, doi:10.5194/tc-16-981-2022

Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., Persson, P. O. G., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H., Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, G., Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., Von Der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., and Yue, F. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Atmosphere. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):00060, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00060

Rabe, B., Heuzé, C., Regnery, J., Aksenov, Y., Allerholt, J., Athanase, M., Bai, Y., Basque, C., Bauch, D., Baumann, T. M., Chen, D., Cole, S. T., Craw, L., Davies, A., Damm, E., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Doglioni, F., Ebert, F., Fang, Y., Fer, I., Fong, A. A., Gradinger, R., Granskog, M. A., Graupner, R., Haas, C., He, H., He, Y., Hoppmann, M., Janout, M., Kadko, D., Kanzow, T., Karam, S., Kawaguchi, Y., Koenig, Z., Kong, B., Krishfield, R. A., Krumpen, T., Kuhlmey, D., Kuznetsov, I., Lan, M., Laukert, G., Lei, R., Li, T., Torres-Valdés, S., Lin, L., Lin, L., Liu, H., Liu, N., Loose, B., Ma, X., McKay, R., Mallet, M., Mallett, R. D. C., Maslowski, W., Mertens, C., Mohrholz, V., Muilwijk, M., Nicolaus, M., O'Brien, J. K., Perovich, D., Ren, J., Rex, M., Ribeiro, N., Rinke, A., Schaffer, J., Schuffenhauer, I., Schulz, K., Shupe, M. D., Shaw, W., Sokolov, V., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stanton, T., Stephens, M., Su, J., Sukhikh, N., Sundfjord, A., Thomisch, K., Tippenhauer, S., Toole, J. M., Vredenborg, M., Walter, M., Wang, H., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Wendisch, M., Zhao, J., Zhou, M., and Zhu, J. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Physical Oceanography. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):00062, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00062

Nicolaus, M., Perovich, D. K., Spreen, G., Granskog, M. A., Von Albedyll, L., Angelopoulos, M., Anhaus, P., Arndt, S., Belter, H. J., Bessonov, V., Birnbaum, G., Brauchle, J., Calmer, R., Cardellach, E., Cheng, B., Clemens-Sewall, D., Dadic, R., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Demir, O., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Fong, A. A., Fons, S., Frey, M. M., Fuchs, N., Gabarró, C., Gerland, S., Goessling, H. F., Gradinger, R., Haapala, J., Haas, C., Hamilton, J., Hannula, H., Hendricks, S., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hoppmann, M., Høyland, K. V., Huntemann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Hwang, B., Itkin, P., Jacobi, H., Jaggi, M., Jutila, A., Kaleschke, L., Katlein, C., Kolabutin, N., Krampe, D., Kristensen, S. S., Krumpen, T., Kurtz, N., Lampert, A., Lange, B. A., Lei, R., Light, B., Linhardt, F., Liston, G. E., Loose, B., Macfarlane, A. R., Mahmud, M., Matero, I. O., Maus, S., Morgenstern, A., Naderpour, R., Nandan, V., Niubom, A., Oggier, M., Oppelt, N., Pätzold, F., Perron, C., Petrovsky, T., Pirazzini, R., Polashenski, C., Rabe, B., Raphael, I. A., Regnery, J., Rex, M., Ricker, R., Riemann-Campe, K., Rinke, A., Rohde, J., Salganik, E., Scharien, R. K., Schiller, M., Schneebeli, M., Semmling, M., Shimanchuk, E., Shupe, M. D., Smith, M. M., Smolyanitsky, V., Sokolov, V., Stanton, T., Stroeve, J., Thielke, L., Timofeeva, A., Tonboe, R. T., Tavri, A., Tsamados, M., Wagner, D. N., Watkins, D., Webster, M., and Wendisch, M. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Snow and Sea Ice. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):000046, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000046

Mchedlishvili, A., Spreen, G., Melsheimer, C., and Huntemann, M. , February 2022: Weddell Sea Polynya Analysis Using SMOS–SMAP Apparent Sea Ice Thickness Retrieval. The Cryosphere, 16(2):471–487, doi:10.5194/tc-16-471-2022

Schneider, T., Lüpkes, C., Dorn, W., Chechin, D., Handorf, D., Khosravi, S., Gryanik, V. M., Makhotina, I., and Rinke, A. , January 2022: Sensitivity to Changes in the Surface-layer Turbulence Parameterization for Stable Conditions in Winter: A Case Study with a Regional Climate Model over the Arctic. Atmospheric Sci. Lett., 23(1):e1066, doi:10.1002/asl.1066

2021

Rinke, A., Cassano, J. J., Cassano, E. N., Jaiser, R., and Handorf, D. , July 2021: Meteorological Conditions during the MOSAiC Expedition. Elem. Sci. Anthr., 9(1):00023, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00023

Rösel, A., Farrell, S. L., Nandan, V., Richter-Menge, J., Spreen, G., Divine, D. V., Steer, A., Gallet, J., and Gerland, S. , June 2021: Implications of Surface Flooding on Airborne Estimates of Snow Depth on Sea Ice. The Cryosphere, 15(6):2819–2833, doi:10.5194/tc-15-2819-2021

Zhou, L., Stroeve, J., Xu, S., Petty, A., Tilling, R., Winstrup, M., Rostosky, P., Lawrence, I. R., Liston, G. E., Ridout, A., Tsamados, M., and Nandan, V. , January 2021: Inter-Comparison of Snow Depth over Arctic Sea Ice from Reanalysis Reconstructions and Satellite Retrieval. The Cryosphere, 15(1):345–367, doi:10.5194/tc-15-345-2021

Inoue, J., Sato, K., Rinke, A., Cassano, J. J., Fettweis, X., Heinemann, G., Matthes, H., Orr, A., Phillips, T., Seefeldt, M., Solomon, A., and Webster, S. , January 2021: Clouds and Radiation Processes in Regional Climate Models Evaluated Using Observations Over the Ice-free Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 126(1):e2020JD033904, doi:10.1029/2020JD033904

2020

Ludwig, V., Spreen, G., and Pedersen, L. T. , September 2020: Evaluation of a New Merged Sea-Ice Concentration Dataset at 1 Km Resolution from Thermal Infrared and Passive Microwave Satellite Data in the Arctic. Remote Sens., 12(19):3183, doi:10.3390/rs12193183

Duarte, P., Sundfjord, A., Meyer, A., Hudson, S. R., Spreen, G., and Smedsrud, L. H. , August 2020: Warm Atlantic Water Explains Observed Sea Ice Melt Rates North of Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(8):e2019JC015662, doi:10.1029/2019JC015662

Spreen, G., De Steur, L., Divine, D., Gerland, S., Hansen, E., and Kwok, R. , June 2020: Arctic Sea Ice Volume Export Through Fram Strait From 1992 to 2014. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(6):e2019JC016039, doi:10.1029/2019JC016039

Yu, X., Rinke, A., Dorn, W., Spreen, G., Lüpkes, C., Sumata, H., and Gryanik, V. M. , May 2020: Evaluation of Arctic Sea Ice Drift and Its Dependency on Near-Surface Wind and Sea Ice Conditions in the Coupled Regional Climate Model HIRHAM–NAOSIM. The Cryosphere, 14(5):1727–1746, doi:10.5194/tc-14-1727-2020

Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Rinke, A., Orr, A., Cassano, J., Fettweis, X., Heinemann, G., Seefeldt, M., Solomon, A., Matthes, H., Phillips, T., and Webster, S. , March 2020: Confronting Arctic Troposphere, Clouds, and Surface Energy Budget Representations in Regional Climate Models With Observations. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 125(6):e2019JD031783, doi:10.1029/2019JD031783

Rostosky, P., Spreen, G., Gerland, S., Huntemann, M., and Mech, M. , March 2020: Modeling the Microwave Emission of Snow on Arctic Sea Ice for Estimating the Uncertainty of Satellite Retrievals. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(3):e2019JC015465, doi:10.1029/2019JC015465

Akperov, M., Semenov, V. A., Mokhov, I. I., Dorn, W., and Rinke, A. , February 2020: Impact of Atlantic Water Inflow on Winter Cyclone Activity in the Barents Sea: Insights from Coupled Regional Climate Model Simulations. Environ. Res. Lett., 15(2):024009, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab6399

Vihma, T., Graversen, R., Chen, L., Handorf, D., Skific, N., Francis, J. A., Tyrrell, N., Hall, R., Hanna, E., Uotila, P., Dethloff, K., Karpechko, A. Y., Björnsson, H., and Overland, J. E. , January 2020: Effects of the Tropospheric Large-scale Circulation on European Winter Temperatures during the Period of Amplified Arctic Warming. Int. J. Climatol., 40(1):509–529, doi:10.1002/joc.6225

2019

Dethloff, K., Handorf, D., Jaiser, R., and Rinke, A. , November 2019: Kältere Winter durch abnehmendes arktisches Meereis: Klima- und Zirkulationsänderungen in der Arktis. Phys. Unserer Zeit, 50(6):290–297, doi:10.1002/piuz.201901547

Akperov, M., Rinke, A., Mokhov, I. I., Semenov, V. A., Parfenova, M. R., Matthes, H., Adakudlu, M., Boberg, F., Christensen, J. H., Dembitskaya, M. A., Dethloff, K., Fettweis, X., Gutjahr, O., Heinemann, G., Koenigk, T., Koldunov, N. V., Laprise, R., Mottram, R., Nikiéma, O., Sein, D., Sobolowski, S., Winger, K., and Zhang, W. , November 2019: Future Projections of Cyclone Activity in the Arctic for the 21st Century from Regional Climate Models (Arctic-CORDEX). Glob. Planet. Change, 182:103005, doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103005

Graham, R. M., Cohen, L., Ritzhaupt, N., Segger, B., Graversen, R. G., Rinke, A., Walden, V. P., Granskog, M. A., and Hudson, S. R. , July 2019: Evaluation of Six Atmospheric Reanalyses over Arctic Sea Ice from Winter to Early Summer. J. Clim., 32(14):4121–4143, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0643.1

Dorn, W., Rinke, A., Köberle, C., Dethloff, K., and Gerdes, R. , July 2019: Evaluation of the Sea-Ice Simulation in the Upgraded Version of the Coupled Regional Atmosphere-Ocean- Sea Ice Model HIRHAM–NAOSIM 2.0. Atmosphere, 10(8):431, doi:10.3390/atmos10080431

Rinke, A., Knudsen, E. M., Mewes, D., Dorn, W., Handorf, D., Dethloff, K., and Moore, J. C. , June 2019: Arctic Summer Sea Ice Melt and Related Atmospheric Conditions in Coupled Regional Climate Model Simulations and Observations. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 124(12):6027–6039, doi:10.1029/2018JD030207

Jäkel, E., Stapf, J., Wendisch, M., Nicolaus, M., Dorn, W., and Rinke, A. , June 2019: Validation of the Sea Ice Surface Albedo Scheme of the Regional Climate Model HIRHAM–NAOSIM Using Aircraft Measurements during the ACLOUD/PASCAL Campaigns. The Cryosphere, 13(6):1695–1708, doi:10.5194/tc-13-1695-2019

Graham, R. M., Itkin, P., Meyer, A., Sundfjord, A., Spreen, G., Smedsrud, L. H., Liston, G. E., Cheng, B., Cohen, L., Divine, D., Fer, I., Fransson, A., Gerland, S., Haapala, J., Hudson, S. R., Johansson, A. M., King, J., Merkouriadi, I., Peterson, A. K., Provost, C., Randelhoff, A., Rinke, A., Rösel, A., Sennéchael, N., Walden, V. P., Duarte, P., Assmy, P., Steen, H., and Granskog, M. A. , June 2019: Winter Storms Accelerate the Demise of Sea Ice in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean. Sci. Rep., 9(1):9222, doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45574-5

Wendisch, M., Macke, A., Ehrlich, A., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Chechin, D., Dethloff, K., Velasco, C. B., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H., Crewell, S., Donth, T., Dupuy, R., Ebell, K., Egerer, U., Engelmann, R., Engler, C., Eppers, O., Gehrmann, M., Gong, X., Gottschalk, M., Gourbeyre, C., Griesche, H., Hartmann, J., Hartmann, M., Heinold, B., Herber, A., Herrmann, H., Heygster, G., Hoor, P., Jafariserajehlou, S., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kecorius, S., Knudsen, E. M., Köllner, F., Kretzschmar, J., Lelli, L., Leroy, D., Maturilli, M., Mei, L., Mertes, S., Mioche, G., Neuber, R., Nicolaus, M., Nomokonova, T., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Van Pinxteren, M., Quaas, J., Richter, P., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Schmieder, K., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Schwarzenböck, A., Seifert, P., Shupe, M. D., Siebert, H., Spreen, G., Stapf, J., Stratmann, F., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Wiedensohler, A., Zanatta, M., and Zeppenfeld, S. , May 2019: The Arctic Cloud Puzzle: Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multiplatform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100(5):841–871, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1

Semenov, A., Zhang, X., Rinke, A., Dorn, W., and Dethloff, K. , April 2019: Arctic Intense Summer Storms and Their Impacts on Sea Ice—A Regional Climate Modeling Study. Atmosphere, 10(4):218, doi:10.3390/atmos10040218

Zhou, X., Matthes, H., Rinke, A., Huang, B., Yang, K., and Dethloff, K. , March 2019: Simulating Arctic 2-m Air Temperature and Its Linear Trends Using the HIRHAM5 Regional Climate Model. Atmospheric Res., 217:137–149, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.10.022

Paţilea, C., Heygster, G., Huntemann, M., and Spreen, G. , February 2019: Combined SMAP–SMOS Thin Sea Ice Thickness Retrieval. The Cryosphere, 13(2):675–691, doi:10.5194/tc-13-675-2019

Fritzner, S., Graversen, R., Christensen, K. H., Rostosky, P., and Wang, K. , February 2019: Impact of Assimilating Sea Ice Concentration, Sea Ice Thickness and Snow Depth in a Coupled Ocean–Sea Ice Modelling System. The Cryosphere, 13(2):491–509, doi:10.5194/tc-13-491-2019

Dethloff, K., Handorf, D., Jaiser, R., Rinke, A., and Klinghammer, P. , January 2019: Dynamical Mechanisms of Arctic Amplification. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1436(1):184–194, doi:10.1111/nyas.13698

2018

Knudsen, E. M., Heinold, B., Dahlke, S., Bozem, H., Crewell, S., Gorodetskaya, I. V., Heygster, G., Kunkel, D., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Viceto, C., Rinke, A., Schmithüsen, H., Ehrlich, A., Macke, A., Lüpkes, C., and Wendisch, M. , December 2018: Meteorological Conditions during the ACLOUD/PASCAL Field Campaign near Svalbard in Early Summer 2017. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 18(24):17995–18022, doi:10.5194/acp-18-17995-2018

Rostosky, P., Spreen, G., Farrell, S. L., Frost, T., Heygster, G., and Melsheimer, C. , October 2018: Snow Depth Retrieval on Arctic Sea Ice From Passive Microwave Radiometers—Improvements and Extensions to Multiyear Ice Using Lower Frequencies. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 123(10):7120–7138, doi:10.1029/2018JC014028

Sato, K., Inoue, J., Yamazaki, A., Kim, J., Makshtas, A., Kustov, V., Maturilli, M., and Dethloff, K. , August 2018: Impact on Predictability of Tropical and Mid-Latitude Cyclones by Extra Arctic Observations. Sci. Rep., 8(1):12104, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30594-4

Lu, J., Heygster, G., and Spreen, G. , May 2018: Atmospheric Correction of Sea Ice Concentration Retrieval for 89 GHz AMSR-E Observations. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens., 11(5):1442–1457, doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2805193

Zahn, M., Akperov, M., Rinke, A., Feser, F., and Mokhov, I. I. , March 2018: Trends of Cyclone Characteristics in the Arctic and Their Patterns From Different Reanalysis Data. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 123(5):2737–2751, doi:10.1002/2017JD027439

Akperov, M., Rinke, A., Mokhov, I. I., Matthes, H., Semenov, V. A., Adakudlu, M., Cassano, J., Christensen, J. H., Dembitskaya, M. A., Dethloff, K., Fettweis, X., Glisan, J., Gutjahr, O., Heinemann, G., Koenigk, T., Koldunov, N. V., Laprise, R., Mottram, R., Nikiéma, O., Scinocca, J. F., Sein, D., Sobolowski, S., Winger, K., and Zhang, W. , March 2018: Cyclone Activity in the Arctic From an Ensemble of Regional Climate Models (Arctic CORDEX). J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 123(5):2537–2554, doi:10.1002/2017JD027703

Itkin, P., Spreen, G., Hvidegaard, S. M., Skourup, H., Wilkinson, J., Gerland, S., and Granskog, M. A. , January 2018: Contribution of Deformation to Sea Ice Mass Balance: A Case Study From an N-ICE2015 Storm. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(2):789–796, doi:10.1002/2017GL076056

2017

Rinke, A., Maturilli, M., Graham, R. M., Matthes, H., Handorf, D., Cohen, L., Hudson, S. R., and Moore, J. C. , September 2017: Extreme Cyclone Events in the Arctic: Wintertime Variability and Trends. Environ. Res. Lett., 12(9):094006, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa7def

Graham, R. M., Cohen, L., Petty, A. A., Boisvert, L. N., Rinke, A., Hudson, S. R., Nicolaus, M., and Granskog, M. A. , July 2017: Increasing Frequency and Duration of Arctic Winter Warming Events. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44(13):6974–6983, doi:10.1002/2017GL073395

Graham, R. M., Rinke, A., Cohen, L., Hudson, S. R., Walden, V. P., Granskog, M. A., Dorn, W., Kayser, M., and Maturilli, M. , June 2017: A Comparison of the Two Arctic Atmospheric Winter States Observed during N-ICE2015 and SHEBA. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 122(11):5716–5737, doi:10.1002/2016JD025475

Wendisch, M., Brückner, M., Burrows, J., Crewell, S., Dethloff, K., Ebell, K., Lüpkes, C., Macke, A., Notholt, J., Quaas, J., Rinke, A., and Tegen, I. , January 2017: Understanding Causes and Effects of Rapid Warming in the Arctic. Eos, doi:10.1029/2017EO064803

2016