Hypothesis:

Turbulent up and downward transport together with ocean-atmosphere transfer and long-range transport play key roles for the distribution and properties of aerosol particles as well as aerosol-cloud interactions in the atmospheric boundary layer over the marginal sea ice zone.

We want to address the following scientific questions:

• What are the concentrations and properties of Arctic aerosol particles, especially CCN, INP, and BC, inside and outside the ABL, and do they show a long-term trend?
• Does a connection exist between heat and/or energy fluxes and aerosol particle fluxes inside and outside the ABL?
• Can the sea-to-air enrichment of INP/INP-tracers explain ambient Arctic INP concentrations?

Both, mixing at the bottom and top of the boundary layer and ocean to atmosphere aerosol particle transfer processes, are not well represented in atmospheric models. The project will help to elucidate their impacts on aerosol-cloud-interactions and resulting radiative effect. Our data will be prepared for implementation in atmospheric models and thereby help to better understand, how Arctic amplification will evolve in the future (SQ3).

Achievements phase II

• A new parameterization (Sze et al., 2022) concerning Arctic INP concentrations as function of season and temperature has been developed for use in atmospheric models (LES to global scale).
• Indications towards the marine origin of INP in the European Arctic have been found (Hartmann et al., 2020, Hartmann et al., 2021).
• Nine years of aircraft campaigns focusing on the differences between spring and summer, and on the vertical distribution of BC revealed a strong seasonal variability that is not only present at ground-level but also at higher altitudes. The BC mass concentration is a factor of 4 higher across the European and Canadian Arctic in spring, which is a consequence of the increased number of BC particles reaching the Arctic, the size of the BC particles remains constant in both seasons (Donth et al., 2020; Ohata et al., 2021; Schacht et al., 2019; Jurányi et al., 2023).
• During ACLOUD in 2017, BC properties were derived from aerosol particles below and above clouds and from cloud residuals inside clouds. The presence of low-level clouds was associated with a radical change in the concentration and diameter of BC in the boundary layer compared to the free troposphere (Zanatta et al., 2023).
• BC snow sample analysis indicated that a serious single particle soot photometer measurement artefact exists in the presence of sea-salt in the samples. Currently, a new method is being developed to overcome this problem for the MOSAiC snow sample analysis.
• An optimized analytical method for the analysis of free and combined polysaccharides in saline samples was developed (Zeppenfeld et al., 2020).
• Laboratory studies on Arctic microorganisms, including chemical and INP analyses, revealed that marine polysaccharides in the Arctic environment contain ice-active molecular groups, so that they act as INPs. These studies provide important findings on the previously unknown chemical composition of marine INP (Wilson et al., 2015).
• Detailed measurements of polysaccharides in diverse compartments, supported by phytoplankton measurements (C03) show indications for bioprocessing and formation of polysaccharides on aerosol particles, which may affect the INP properties (Zeppenfeld et al., 2020, Zeppenfeld et al., 2021; van Pinxteren et al., 2022; Dall’Osto et al., 2022).
• Chemical analysis and trajectories and sea ice maps (from B05) show a high enrichment of polysaccharides in aerosols when air is coming from Arctic Marginal Sea Ice Zone (MIZ). However, despite clear indications of the importance of MIZ as a source for marine INP and polysaccharides, their transfer to the atmosphere is still not understood.

Achievements phase I

In B04, a strong variability, but no clear trend, of atmospheric Ice Nucleating Particles (INP) number concentrations over the past 500 years was discovered (Hartmann et al., 2019). However, a clear picture of INP seasonality in the Arctic with the highest concentrations in summer and lowest in winter was identified from recent measurements across the Arctic (Wex et al., 2019). INP decrease from land to open sea, suggesting terrestrial contributions to the Arctic INP population (Wendisch et al., 2019). The seasonal vertical distribution of Black Carbon (BC) properties controlled by transport patterns and emission sources was observed (Schulz et al., 2019). Different sizes and concentrations relative to the cloud layer, with enhanced concentration above clouds were identified (Wendisch et al., 2019). It was shown that the sea surface microlayer (SML) and samples from melt ponds contain ice active entities making them potential sources for atmospheric INP and marine sugars in the Arctic (Zeppenfeld et al., 2019). The free sugar glucose can act as an “easy to measure” INP tracer in Arctic seawater.

Role within (AC)³

Project Posters

Phase III Evaluation poster 2023	Phase II Evaluation poster 2019	Phase I Evaluation poster 2015

Project Members

Publications

2026

Breitenstein, C., van Pinxteren, M., Wagner, K., Reschke, L., Zeppenfeld, S., and Herrmann, H. , 2026: Protocol for the analysis of combined and free amino acids in seawater and marine aerosol particles using hydrophilic interaction LC–TOF-MS. ACS Earth Space Chem., 10(1):80–93, doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00214

Creamean, J. M., Miller, L. A., van Pinxteren, M., Crabeck, O., Steiner, N. S., Marelle, L., Deschepper, I., Lapere, R., León-Marcos, A., Pratt, K. A., Thomas, J. L., Da Silva, A., Frey, M. M., Peeken, I., Horowitz, H. M., Willis, M. D., and Price, R. , 2026: Polar primary aerosols across the ocean-sea ice-snow-atmosphere interface: From sources to impacts. Elem. Sci. Anth, doi:10.1525/elementa.2025.00065

Leon-Marcos, A., van Pinxteren, M., Zeppenfeld, S., Zeising, M., Bracher, A., Oziel, L., Tegen, I., and Heinold, B. , 2026: Thirty years of arctic primary marine organic aerosols: patterns, seasonal dynamics, and trends (1990–2019). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26(2):1109–1144, doi:10.5194/acp-26-1109-2026

2025

Leon-Marcos, A., Zeising, M., van Pinxteren, M., Zeppenfeld, S., Bracher, A., Barbaro, E., Engel, A., Feltracco, M., Tegen, I., and Heinold, B. , July 2025: Modelling emission and transport of key components of primary marine organic aerosol using the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3. Geosci. Model Dev., 18(13):4183–4213, doi:10.5194/gmd-18-4183-2025

Hartmann, S., Schrödner, R., Hassett, B. T., Hartmann, M., Van Pinxteren, M., Fomba, K. W., Stratmann, F., Herrmann, H., Pöhlker, M., and Zeppenfeld, S. , March 2025: Polysaccharides-Important Constituents of Ice-Nucleating Particles of Marine Origin. Environ. Sci. Technol., 59(10):5098–5108, doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c08014

Simon, D. J., Hartmann, J., Schaefer, J., Zeppenfeld, S., Lüpkes, C., Hartmann, M., Wetzel, B., Heinold, B., Jurányi, Z., Schulz, A., Köhler, L., Jörss, A., Herber, A., Henning, S., Pöhlker, M. L., Roberts, G. C., and Stratmann, F. , 2025: Turbulent aerosol fluxes from airborne measurements over the arctic ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 52(22):e2025GL117094, doi:10.1029/2025GL117094

Wex, H., Eckermann, O., Jurányi, Z., Weller, R., Mangold, A., Van Overmeiren, P., Zeppenfeld, S., van Pinxteren, M., Dall'Osto, M., and Henning, S. , 2025: Antarctica's unique atmosphere: Really low INP concentrations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 52(20):e2024GL112583, doi:10.1029/2024GL112583

Jurányi, Z., Lüpkes, C., Stratmann, F., Hartmann, J., Schaefer, J., Jörss, A., Schulz, A., Wetzel, B., Simon, D., Gebhard, E., Stöhr, M., Hofmann, P., Kalmbach, D., Grawe, S., Wendisch, M., and Herber, A. , 2025: The T-Bird – a new aircraft-towed instrument platform to measure aerosol properties and turbulence close to the surface: introduction to the aerosol measurement system. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18(14):3477–3494, doi:10.5194/amt-18-3477-2025

2024

Wendisch, M., Crewell, S., Ehrlich, A., Herber, A., Kirbus, B., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Abel, S. J., Akansu, E. F., Ament, F., Aubry, C., Becker, S., Borrmann, S., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H., Dahlke, S., Dekoutsidis, G., Delanoë, J., De La Torre Castro, E., Dorff, H., Dupuy, R., Eppers, O., Ewald, F., George, G., Gorodetskaya, I. V., Grawe, S., Groß, S., Hartmann, J., Henning, S., Hirsch, L., Jäkel, E., Joppe, P., Jourdan, O., Jurányi, Z., Karalis, M., Kellermann, M., Klingebiel, M., Lonardi, M., Lucke, J., Luebke, A. E., Maahn, M., Maherndl, N., Maturilli, M., Mayer, B., Mayer, J., Mertes, S., Michaelis, J., Michalkov, M., Mioche, G., Moser, M., Müller, H., Neggers, R., Ori, D., Paul, D., Paulus, F. M., Pilz, C., Pithan, F., Pöhlker, M., Pörtge, V., Ringel, M., Risse, N., Roberts, G. C., Rosenburg, S., Röttenbacher, J., Rückert, J., Schäfer, M., Schaefer, J., Schemann, V., Schirmacher, I., Schmidt, J., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Schnitt, S., Schwarz, A., Siebert, H., Sodemann, H., Sperzel, T., Spreen, G., Stevens, B., Stratmann, F., Svensson, G., Tatzelt, C., Tuch, T., Vihma, T., Voigt, C., Volkmer, L., Walbröl, A., Weber, A., Wehner, B., Wetzel, B., Wirth, M., and Zinner, T. , August 2024: Overview: Quasi-Lagrangian Observations of Arctic Air Mass Transformations – Introduction and Initial Results of the HALO–(A C)\textsuperscript3 Aircraft Campaign. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 24(15):8865–8892, doi:10.5194/acp-24-8865-2024

Lacher, L., Adams, M. P., Barry, K., Bertozzi, B., Bingemer, H., Boffo, C., Bras, Y., Büttner, N., Castarede, D., Cziczo, D. J., DeMott, P. J., Fösig, R., Goodell, M., Höhler, K., Hill, T. C. J., Jentzsch, C., Ladino, L. A., Levin, E. J. T., Mertes, S., Möhler, O., Moore, K. A., Murray, B. J., Nadolny, J., Pfeuffer, T., Picard, D., Ramírez-Romero, C., Ribeiro, M., Richter, S., Schrod, J., Sellegri, K., Stratmann, F., Swanson, B. E., Thomson, E. S., Wex, H., Wolf, M. J., and Freney, E. , February 2024: The Puy de Dôme ICe Nucleation Intercomparison Campaign (PICNIC): Comparison between Online and Offline Methods in Ambient Air. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 24(4):2651–2678, doi:10.5194/acp-24-2651-2024

2023

Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Hartmann, M., Zeising, M., Bracher, A., and Herrmann, H. , December 2023: Marine Carbohydrates in Arctic Aerosol Particles and Fog – Diversity of Oceanic Sources and Atmospheric Transformations. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(24):15561–15587, doi:10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023

Zanatta, M., Mertes, S., Jourdan, O., Dupuy, R., Järvinen, E., Schnaiter, M., Eppers, O., Schneider, J., Jurányi, Z., and Herber, A. , July 2023: Airborne Investigation of Black Carbon Interaction with Low-Level, Persistent, Mixed-Phase Clouds in the Arctic Summer. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(14):7955–7973, doi:10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023

Moser, M., Voigt, C., Jurkat-Witschas, T., Hahn, V., Mioche, G., Jourdan, O., Dupuy, R., Gourbeyre, C., Schwarzenboeck, A., Lucke, J., Boose, Y., Mech, M., Borrmann, S., Ehrlich, A., Herber, A., Lüpkes, C., and Wendisch, M. , July 2023: Microphysical and Thermodynamic Phase Analyses of Arctic Low-Level Clouds Measured above the Sea Ice and the Open Ocean in Spring and Summer. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(13):7257–7280, doi:10.5194/acp-23-7257-2023

Van Pinxteren, M., Zeppenfeld, S., Fomba, K. W., Triesch, N., Frka, S., and Herrmann, H. , June 2023: Amino Acids, Carbohydrates, and Lipids in the Tropical Oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean: Sea-to-Air Transfer and Atmospheric in Situ Formation. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(11):6571–6590, doi:10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023

Kecorius, S., Hoffmann, E. H., Tilgner, A., Barrientos-Velasco, C., Van Pinxteren, M., Zeppenfeld, S., Vogl, T., Madueño, L., Lovrić, M., Wiedensohler, A., Kulmala, M., Paasonen, P., and Herrmann, H. , May 2023: Rapid Growth of Aitken-mode Particles during Arctic Summer by Fog Chemical Processing and Its Implication. PNAS Nexus, 2(5):pgad124, doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad124

Sze, K. C. H., Wex, H., Hartmann, M., Skov, H., Massling, A., Villanueva, D., and Stratmann, F. , April 2023: Ice-Nucleating Particles in Northern Greenland: Annual Cycles, Biological Contribution and Parameterizations. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(8):4741–4761, doi:10.5194/acp-23-4741-2023

Jurányi, Z., Zanatta, M., Lund, M. T., Samset, B. H., Skeie, R. B., Sharma, S., Wendisch, M., and Herber, A. , March 2023: Atmospheric Concentrations of Black Carbon Are Substantially Higher in Spring than Summer in the Arctic. Commun. Earth Environ., 4(1):91, doi:10.1038/s43247-023-00749-x

2022

Mech, M., Ehrlich, A., Herber, A., Lüpkes, C., Wendisch, M., Becker, S., Boose, Y., Chechin, D., Crewell, S., Dupuy, R., Gourbeyre, C., Hartmann, J., Jäkel, E., Jourdan, O., Kliesch, L., Klingebiel, M., Kulla, B. S., Mioche, G., Moser, M., Risse, N., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Stapf, J., and Voigt, C. , December 2022: MOSAiC-ACA and AFLUX - Arctic Airborne Campaigns Characterizing the Exit Area of MOSAiC. Sci. Data, 9(1):790, doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01900-7

Dall'Osto, M., Sotomayor-Garcia, A., Cabrera-Brufau, M., Berdalet, E., Vaqué, D., Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Herrmann, H., Wex, H., Rinaldi, M., Paglione, M., Beddows, D., Harrison, R., Avila, C., Martin-Martin, R. P., Park, J., and Barbosa, A. , July 2022: Leaching Material from Antarctic Seaweeds and Penguin Guano Affects Cloud-Relevant Aerosol Production. Sci. Total Environ., 831:154772, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154772

Van Pinxteren, M., Robinson, T., Zeppenfeld, S., Gong, X., Bahlmann, E., Fomba, K. W., Triesch, N., Stratmann, F., Wurl, O., Engel, A., Wex, H., and Herrmann, H. , May 2022: High Number Concentrations of Transparent Exopolymer Particles in Ambient Aerosol Particles and Cloud Water – a Case Study at the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 22(8):5725–5742, doi:10.5194/acp-22-5725-2022

Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., Persson, P. O. G., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H., Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, G., Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., Von Der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., and Yue, F. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Atmosphere. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):00060, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00060

Nicolaus, M., Perovich, D. K., Spreen, G., Granskog, M. A., Von Albedyll, L., Angelopoulos, M., Anhaus, P., Arndt, S., Belter, H. J., Bessonov, V., Birnbaum, G., Brauchle, J., Calmer, R., Cardellach, E., Cheng, B., Clemens-Sewall, D., Dadic, R., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Demir, O., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Fong, A. A., Fons, S., Frey, M. M., Fuchs, N., Gabarró, C., Gerland, S., Goessling, H. F., Gradinger, R., Haapala, J., Haas, C., Hamilton, J., Hannula, H., Hendricks, S., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hoppmann, M., Høyland, K. V., Huntemann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Hwang, B., Itkin, P., Jacobi, H., Jaggi, M., Jutila, A., Kaleschke, L., Katlein, C., Kolabutin, N., Krampe, D., Kristensen, S. S., Krumpen, T., Kurtz, N., Lampert, A., Lange, B. A., Lei, R., Light, B., Linhardt, F., Liston, G. E., Loose, B., Macfarlane, A. R., Mahmud, M., Matero, I. O., Maus, S., Morgenstern, A., Naderpour, R., Nandan, V., Niubom, A., Oggier, M., Oppelt, N., Pätzold, F., Perron, C., Petrovsky, T., Pirazzini, R., Polashenski, C., Rabe, B., Raphael, I. A., Regnery, J., Rex, M., Ricker, R., Riemann-Campe, K., Rinke, A., Rohde, J., Salganik, E., Scharien, R. K., Schiller, M., Schneebeli, M., Semmling, M., Shimanchuk, E., Shupe, M. D., Smith, M. M., Smolyanitsky, V., Sokolov, V., Stanton, T., Stroeve, J., Thielke, L., Timofeeva, A., Tonboe, R. T., Tavri, A., Tsamados, M., Wagner, D. N., Watkins, D., Webster, M., and Wendisch, M. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Snow and Sea Ice. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):000046, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000046

2021

Ohata, S., Koike, M., Yoshida, A., Moteki, N., Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Matsui, H., Eppers, O., Bozem, H., Zanatta, M., and Herber, A. B. , November 2021: Arctic Black Carbon during PAMARCMiP 2018 and Previous Aircraft Experiments in Spring. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 21(20):15861–15881, doi:10.5194/acp-21-15861-2021

Hartmann, M., Gong, X., Kecorius, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Zeppenfeld, S., Herrmann, H., Wiedensohler, A., and Stratmann, F. , August 2021: Terrestrial or Marine – Indications towards the Origin of Ice-Nucleating Particles during Melt Season in the European Arctic up to 83.7\textasciicircum \circ N. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 21(15):11613–11636, doi:10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021

Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Van Pinxteren, D., Wex, H., Berdalet, E., Vaqué, D., Dall'Osto, M., and Herrmann, H. , May 2021: Aerosol Marine Primary Carbohydrates and Atmospheric Transformation in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. ACS Earth Space Chem., 5(5):1032–1047, doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00351

Pileci, R. E., Modini, R. L., Bertò, M., Yuan, J., Corbin, J. C., Marinoni, A., Henzing, B., Moerman, M. M., Putaud, J. P., Spindler, G., Wehner, B., Müller, T., Tuch, T., Trentini, A., Zanatta, M., Baltensperger, U., and Gysel-Beer, M. , February 2021: Comparison of Co-Located Refractory Black Carbon (rBC) and Elemental Carbon (EC) Mass Concentration Measurements during Field Campaigns at Several European Sites. Atmospheric Meas. Tech., 14(2):1379–1403, doi:10.5194/amt-14-1379-2021

Yuan, J., Modini, R. L., Zanatta, M., Herber, A. B., Müller, T., Wehner, B., Poulain, L., Tuch, T., Baltensperger, U., and Gysel-Beer, M. , January 2021: Variability in the Mass Absorption Cross Section of Black Carbon (BC) Aerosols Is Driven by BC Internal Mixing State at a Central European Background Site (Melpitz, Germany) in Winter. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 21(2):635–655, doi:10.5194/acp-21-635-2021

2020

Leaitch, W. R., Kodros, J. K., Willis, M. D., Hanna, S., Schulz, H., Andrews, E., Bozem, H., Burkart, J., Hoor, P., Kolonjari, F., Ogren, J. A., Sharma, S., Si, M., Von Salzen, K., Bertram, A. K., Herber, A., Abbatt, J. P. D., and Pierce, J. R. , September 2020: Vertical Profiles of Light Absorption and Scattering Associated with Black Carbon Particle Fractions in the Springtime Arctic above 79\textasciicircum \circ N. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 20(17):10545–10563, doi:10.5194/acp-20-10545-2020

Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Engel, A., and Herrmann, H. , July 2020: A Protocol for Quantifying Mono- and Polysaccharides in Seawater and Related Saline Matrices by Electro-Dialysis (ED) – Combined with HPAEC-PAD. Ocean Sci., 16(4):817–830, doi:10.5194/os-16-817-2020

Hartmann, M., Adachi, K., Eppers, O., Haas, C., Herber, A., Holzinger, R., Hünerbein, A., Jäkel, E., Jentzsch, C., Van Pinxteren, M., Wex, H., Willmes, S., and Stratmann, F. , July 2020: Wintertime Airborne Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles in the High Arctic: A Hint to a Marine, Biogenic Source for Ice Nucleating Particles. Geophys. Res. Lett., 47(13):e2020GL087770, doi:10.1029/2020GL087770

2019

Kecorius, S., Vogl, T., Paasonen, P., Lampilahti, J., Rothenberg, D., Wex, H., Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Hartmann, M., Henning, S., Gong, X., Welti, A., Kulmala, M., Stratmann, F., Herrmann, H., and Wiedensohler, A. , November 2019: New Particle Formation and Its Effect on Cloud Condensation Nuclei Abundance in the Summer Arctic: A Case Study in the Fram Strait and Barents Sea. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 19(22):14339–14364, doi:10.5194/acp-19-14339-2019

Ehrlich, A., Wendisch, M., Lüpkes, C., Buschmann, M., Bozem, H., Chechin, D., Clemen, H., Dupuy, R., Eppers, O., Hartmann, J., Herber, A., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kliesch, L., Köllner, F., Mech, M., Mertes, S., Neuber, R., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Stapf, J., and Zanatta, M. , November 2019: A Comprehensive in Situ and Remote Sensing Data Set from the Arctic CLoud Observations Using Airborne Measurements during Polar Day (ACLOUD) Campaign. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11(4):1853–1881, doi:10.5194/essd-11-1853-2019

Zeppenfeld, S., Van Pinxteren, M., Hartmann, M., Bracher, A., Stratmann, F., and Herrmann, H. , August 2019: Glucose as a Potential Chemical Marker for Ice Nucleating Activity in Arctic Seawater and Melt Pond Samples. Environ. Sci. Technol., 53(15):8747–8756, doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01469

Wendisch, M., Macke, A., Ehrlich, A., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Chechin, D., Dethloff, K., Velasco, C. B., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H., Crewell, S., Donth, T., Dupuy, R., Ebell, K., Egerer, U., Engelmann, R., Engler, C., Eppers, O., Gehrmann, M., Gong, X., Gottschalk, M., Gourbeyre, C., Griesche, H., Hartmann, J., Hartmann, M., Heinold, B., Herber, A., Herrmann, H., Heygster, G., Hoor, P., Jafariserajehlou, S., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kecorius, S., Knudsen, E. M., Köllner, F., Kretzschmar, J., Lelli, L., Leroy, D., Maturilli, M., Mei, L., Mertes, S., Mioche, G., Neuber, R., Nicolaus, M., Nomokonova, T., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Van Pinxteren, M., Quaas, J., Richter, P., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Schmieder, K., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Schwarzenböck, A., Seifert, P., Shupe, M. D., Siebert, H., Spreen, G., Stapf, J., Stratmann, F., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Wiedensohler, A., Zanatta, M., and Zeppenfeld, S. , May 2019: The Arctic Cloud Puzzle: Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multiplatform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100(5):841–871, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1

Wex, H., Huang, L., Zhang, W., Hung, H., Traversi, R., Becagli, S., Sheesley, R. J., Moffett, C. E., Barrett, T. E., Bossi, R., Skov, H., Hünerbein, A., Lubitz, J., Löffler, M., Linke, O., Hartmann, M., Herenz, P., and Stratmann, F. , April 2019: Annual Variability of Ice-Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Different Arctic Locations. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 19(7):5293–5311, doi:10.5194/acp-19-5293-2019

Hartmann, M., Blunier, T., Brügger, S., Schmale, J., Schwikowski, M., Vogel, A., Wex, H., and Stratmann, F. , April 2019: Variation of Ice Nucleating Particles in the European Arctic Over the Last Centuries. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46(7):4007–4016, doi:10.1029/2019GL082311

2018

2017

2016