Hypothesis:

Changing sea ice properties and associated radiative fluxes enhance Arctic amplification.

To investigate this hypothesis, the following specific questions will be answered:

• What are the most relevant scales (time and space) that govern radiative fluxes in ice-covered oceans?
• How well is the temporal evolution of sea-ice development and associated radiative energy fluxes represented in models?
• How do regional and seasonal changes in sea-ice surface properties contribute to Arctic amplification?

C01 is actively involved in the refinement of model performance by providing new parameterizations to improve the description of the surface properties and their evolution throughout the Arctic year. Further we analyze the trends of the spatio-temporal distribution of melt ponds and their relation to the surface albedo, and the transmission of radiation into the ocean depending on different ice types. Thus, this project contributes to SQ1.

Achievements phase II

• Improved retrieval methods for snow grain size (airborne application), albedo and melt pond fraction (Sentinel-2 and -3 satellite data) were developed.
• Comprehensive albedo scheme evaluation revealed: bias in the modeled albedo for optical thin clouds in spring, poor representation of the surface type fractions for summer months.
• Sea ice surface topography not only influences maximum melt pond fraction but also melt pond evolution onset.
• The transition of sea ice surface conditions from spring to summer is event-driven and the summer energy budget depends more on melt pond evolution than on melt onset dates.

Achievements phase I

In C01 the surface albedo parameterisation scheme of the coupled HIRHAM-NAOSIM model was validated and improved (Jäkel et al., 2019). The scheme needed an adaption with respect to the angular dependent illumination and snow property changes (threshold temperatures describing the transition between dry and melting snow/ice) (Jäkel et al., 2019). In addition, a new spectral-to-broadband conversion for MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) satellite data was derived (Pohl et al., 2019). Several snow types have been implemented into the radiative transfer model SCIATRAN (http://www.iup.uni-bremen.de/sciatran/). It was shown, that the near-field effects in radiative transfer can be neglected, which means that common radiative transfer models, usually applied for atmosphere, can be used for snow layers (Pohl et al., 2020). It was also shown, that three dimensional solar radiative effects on radiative forcing need to be considered only for spatial scales of surface heterogeneity of less than 3 km. Also, a new 3D backward Monte Carlo radiative transfer model (LEIPSIC) was developed (Sun et al., 2020).

Role within (AC)³

Project Posters

Phase III Evaluation poster 2023	Phase II Evaluation poster 2019	Phase I Evaluation poster 2015

Project Members

Publications

2026

2025

Niehaus, H., Spreen, G., Istomina, L., and Nicolaus, M. , September 2025: Regional and seasonal evolution of melt ponds on Arctic sea ice. CRYOSPHERE, 19(9):3915–3938, doi:10.5194/tc-19-3915-2025

Klingebiel, M., Ehrlich, A., Gryschka, M., Risse, N., Maherndl, N., Schirmacher, I., Rosenburg, S., Hörnig, S., Moser, M., Jäkel, E., Schäfer, M., Deneke, H., Mech, M., Voigt, C., and Wendisch, M. , September 2025: Airborne observations of cloud properties during their evolution from organized streets to isotropic cloud structures along an Arctic cold-air outbreak. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 25(17):9787–9801, doi:10.5194/acp-25-9787-2025

Perovich, D., Light, B., Smith, M. M., Webster, M., Holland, M. M., Clemens-Sewall, D., Raphael, I. A., Polashenski, C., Barrett, A. P., Cox, C. J., Itkin, P., Linhardt, F., Macfarlane, A. R., Nicolaus, M., Oppelt, N., Shupe, M. D., Stroeve, J., and Tao, R. , July 2025: Theoretical estimates of light transmittance at the MOSAiC central observatory. Elem.-Sci. Anthr., doi:10.1525/elementa.2024.00076

Anhaus, P., Katlein, C., Arndt, S., Krampe, D., Lange, B. A., Matero, I., Salganik, E., and Nicolaus, M. , June 2025: Under-ice environment observations from a remotely operated vehicle during the MOSAiC expedition. Sci. Data, doi:10.1038/s41597-025-05223-1

Istomina, L., Niehaus, H., and Spreen, G. , 2025: Updated Arctic melt pond fraction dataset and trends 2002–2023 using ENVISAT and Sentinel-3 remote sensing data. Cryosphere, 19(1):83–105, doi:10.5194/tc-19-83-2025

Tao, R., Nicolaus, M., Katlein, C., Fuchs, N., Neckel, N., Buth, L., Smith, M. M., Light, B., Graupner, S., and Haas, C. , 2025: Spatial variability in surface brightness and solar energy deposition of Arctic sea ice. Elem. Sci. Anthr., doi:10.1525/elementa.2024.00084

Schmale, J., Flores, J. M., Law, K. S., Raut, J., O'Brien, J., Vardi, A., Koren, I., Ravetta, F., Bekki, S., Pazmino, A., Ardyna, M., Geoffroy, M., Lovejoy, C., Nicolaus, M., Babin, M., Bowler, C., and Karp-Boss, L. , 2025: Tara Polaris: Shedding light on microbial and climate feedback processes in the Arctic atmosphere. Elem. Sci. Anthr., doi:10.1525/elementa.2025.00030

Jäkel, E., Sperzel, T. R., Wendisch, M., Wolf, K., Lampert, A., Birnbaum, G., and Dorn, W. , 2025: What determines the Arctic solar radiation energy budget at the surface most strongly: Clouds, surface albedo, or the solar zenith angle? JEMS, 3:100016, doi:10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100016

Perovich, D., Light, B., and Nicolaus, M. Sunlight and sea ice – optical properties. In Sea Ice, chapter 3, pages 113–156. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2025. arXiv:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781394213764.ch03, doi:10.1002/9781394213764.ch03.

2024

Foth, L., Dorn, W., Rinke, A., Jäkel, E., and Niehaus, H. , September 2024: On the Importance to Consider the Cloud Dependence in Parameterizing the Albedo of Snow on Sea Ice. The Cryosphere, 18(9):4053–4064, doi:10.5194/tc-18-4053-2024

Wendisch, M., Crewell, S., Ehrlich, A., Herber, A., Kirbus, B., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Abel, S. J., Akansu, E. F., Ament, F., Aubry, C., Becker, S., Borrmann, S., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H., Dahlke, S., Dekoutsidis, G., Delanoë, J., De La Torre Castro, E., Dorff, H., Dupuy, R., Eppers, O., Ewald, F., George, G., Gorodetskaya, I. V., Grawe, S., Groß, S., Hartmann, J., Henning, S., Hirsch, L., Jäkel, E., Joppe, P., Jourdan, O., Jurányi, Z., Karalis, M., Kellermann, M., Klingebiel, M., Lonardi, M., Lucke, J., Luebke, A. E., Maahn, M., Maherndl, N., Maturilli, M., Mayer, B., Mayer, J., Mertes, S., Michaelis, J., Michalkov, M., Mioche, G., Moser, M., Müller, H., Neggers, R., Ori, D., Paul, D., Paulus, F. M., Pilz, C., Pithan, F., Pöhlker, M., Pörtge, V., Ringel, M., Risse, N., Roberts, G. C., Rosenburg, S., Röttenbacher, J., Rückert, J., Schäfer, M., Schaefer, J., Schemann, V., Schirmacher, I., Schmidt, J., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Schnitt, S., Schwarz, A., Siebert, H., Sodemann, H., Sperzel, T., Spreen, G., Stevens, B., Stratmann, F., Svensson, G., Tatzelt, C., Tuch, T., Vihma, T., Voigt, C., Volkmer, L., Walbröl, A., Weber, A., Wehner, B., Wetzel, B., Wirth, M., and Zinner, T. , August 2024: Overview: Quasi-Lagrangian Observations of Arctic Air Mass Transformations – Introduction and Initial Results of the HALO–(A C)\textsuperscript3 Aircraft Campaign. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 24(15):8865–8892, doi:10.5194/acp-24-8865-2024

Tao, R., Nicolaus, M., Katlein, C., Anhaus, P., Hoppmann, M., Spreen, G., Niehaus, H., Jäkel, E., Wendisch, M., and Haas, C. , May 2024: Seasonality of Spectral Radiative Fluxes and Optical Properties of Arctic Sea Ice during the Spring–Summer Transition. Elem Sci Anth, 12(1):00130, doi:10.1525/elementa.2023.00130

Rabe, B., Cox, C. J., Fang, Y., Goessling, H., Granskog, M. A., Hoppmann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Krumpen, T., Kuznetsov, I., Lei, R., Li, T., Maslowski, W., Nicolaus, M., Perovich, D., Persson, O., Regnery, J., Rigor, I., Shupe, M. D., Sokolov, V., Spreen, G., Stanton, T., Watkins, D. M., Blockley, E., Buenger, H. J., Cole, S., Fong, A., Haapala, J., Heuzé, C., Hoppe, C. J. M., Janout, M., Jutila, A., Katlein, C., Krishfield, R., Lin, L., Ludwig, V., Morgenstern, A., O'Brien, J., Zurita, A. Q., Rackow, T., Riemann-Campe, K., Rohde, J., Shaw, W., Smolyanitsky, V., Solomon, A., Sperling, A., Tao, R., Toole, J., Tsamados, M., Zhu, J., and Zuo, G. , May 2024: The MOSAiC Distributed Network: Observing the Coupled Arctic System with Multidisciplinary, Coordinated Platforms. Elem Sci Anth, 12(1):00103, doi:10.1525/elementa.2023.00103

Jäkel, E., Becker, S., Sperzel, T. R., Niehaus, H., Spreen, G., Tao, R., Nicolaus, M., Dorn, W., Rinke, A., Brauchle, J., and Wendisch, M. , March 2024: Observations and Modeling of Areal Surface Albedo and Surface Types in the Arctic. The Cryosphere, 18(3):1185–1205, doi:10.5194/tc-18-1185-2024

Niehaus, H., Istomina, L., Nicolaus, M., Tao, R., Malinka, A., Zege, E., and Spreen, G. , February 2024: Melt Pond Fractions on Arctic Summer Sea Ice Retrieved from Sentinel-3 Satellite Data with a Constrained Physical Forward Model. The Cryosphere, 18(2):933–956, doi:10.5194/tc-18-933-2024

2023

Klingebiel, M., Ehrlich, A., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Risse, N., Schirmacher, I., Jäkel, E., Schäfer, M., Wolf, K., Mech, M., Moser, M., Voigt, C., and Wendisch, M. , December 2023: Variability and Properties of Liquid-Dominated Clouds over the Ice-Free and Sea-Ice-Covered Arctic Ocean. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(24):15289–15304, doi:10.5194/acp-23-15289-2023

Sperzel, T. R., Jäkel, E., Pätzold, F., Lampert, A., Niehaus, H., Spreen, G., Rosenburg, S., Birnbaum, G., Neckel, N., and Wendisch, M. , September 2023: Surface Albedo Measurements and Surface Type Classification from Helicopter-Based Observations during MOSAiC. Sci. Data, 10(1):584, doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02492-6

Wendisch, M., Stapf, J., Becker, S., Ehrlich, A., Jäkel, E., Klingebiel, M., Lüpkes, C., Schäfer, M., and Shupe, M. D. , August 2023: Effects of Variable Ice–Ocean Surface Properties and Air Mass Transformation on the Arctic Radiative Energy Budget. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 23(17):9647–9667, doi:10.5194/acp-23-9647-2023

Rosenburg, S., Lange, C., Jäkel, E., Schäfer, M., Ehrlich, A., and Wendisch, M. , August 2023: Retrieval of Snow Layer and Melt Pond Properties on Arctic Sea Ice from Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Observations. Atmospheric Meas. Tech., 16(16):3915–3930, doi:10.5194/amt-16-3915-2023

Kirbus, B., Tiedeck, S., Camplani, A., Chylik, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Ebell, K., Gorodetskaya, I., Griesche, H., Handorf, D., Höschel, I., Lauer, M., Neggers, R., Rückert, J., Shupe, M. D., Spreen, G., Walbröl, A., Wendisch, M., and Rinke, A. , April 2023: Surface Impacts and Associated Mechanisms of a Moisture Intrusion into the Arctic Observed in Mid-April 2020 during MOSAiC. Front. Earth Sci., 11:1147848, doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1147848

Niehaus, H., Spreen, G., Birnbaum, G., Istomina, L., Jäkel, E., Linhardt, F., Neckel, N., Fuchs, N., Nicolaus, M., Sperzel, T., Tao, R., Webster, M., and Wright, N. , March 2023: Sea Ice Melt Pond Fraction Derived From Sentinel-2 Data: Along the MOSAiC Drift and Arctic-Wide. Geophys. Res. Lett., 50(5):e2022GL102102, doi:10.1029/2022GL102102

Thielke, L., Fuchs, N., Spreen, G., Tremblay, B., Birnbaum, G., Huntemann, M., Hutter, N., Itkin, P., Jutila, A., and Webster, M. A. , February 2023: Preconditioning of Summer Melt Ponds From Winter Sea Ice Surface Temperature. Geophys. Res. Lett., 50(4):e2022GL101493, doi:10.1029/2022GL101493

2022

Mech, M., Ehrlich, A., Herber, A., Lüpkes, C., Wendisch, M., Becker, S., Boose, Y., Chechin, D., Crewell, S., Dupuy, R., Gourbeyre, C., Hartmann, J., Jäkel, E., Jourdan, O., Kliesch, L., Klingebiel, M., Kulla, B. S., Mioche, G., Moser, M., Risse, N., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Stapf, J., and Voigt, C. , December 2022: MOSAiC-ACA and AFLUX - Arctic Airborne Campaigns Characterizing the Exit Area of MOSAiC. Sci. Data, 9(1):790, doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01900-7

Lu, J., Scarlat, R., Heygster, G., and Spreen, G. , September 2022: Reducing Weather Influences on an 89 GHz Sea Ice Concentration Algorithm in the Arctic Using Retrievals From an Optimal Estimation Method. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 127(9):e2019JC015912, doi:10.1029/2019JC015912

Angelopoulos, M., Damm, E., Simões Pereira, P., Abrahamsson, K., Bauch, D., Bowman, J., Castellani, G., Creamean, J., Divine, D. V., Dumitrascu, A., Fons, S. W., Granskog, M. A., Kolabutin, N., Krumpen, T., Marsay, C., Nicolaus, M., Oggier, M., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Shimanchuk, E., Stefels, J., Stephens, M., Ulfsbo, A., Verdugo, J., Wang, L., Zhan, L., and Haas, C. , August 2022: Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways. Front. Earth Sci., 10:864523, doi:10.3389/feart.2022.864523

Shi, Q., Su, J., Spreen, G., and Yang, Q. , June 2022: An Improved Sea-Ice Velocity Retrieval Algorithm Based on 89 GHz Brightness Temperature Satellite Data in the Fram Strait. Earth Space Sci., 9(6):e2021EA002170, doi:10.1029/2021EA002170

Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., Persson, P. O. G., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H., Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, G., Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., Von Der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., and Yue, F. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Atmosphere. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):00060, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00060

Rabe, B., Heuzé, C., Regnery, J., Aksenov, Y., Allerholt, J., Athanase, M., Bai, Y., Basque, C., Bauch, D., Baumann, T. M., Chen, D., Cole, S. T., Craw, L., Davies, A., Damm, E., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Doglioni, F., Ebert, F., Fang, Y., Fer, I., Fong, A. A., Gradinger, R., Granskog, M. A., Graupner, R., Haas, C., He, H., He, Y., Hoppmann, M., Janout, M., Kadko, D., Kanzow, T., Karam, S., Kawaguchi, Y., Koenig, Z., Kong, B., Krishfield, R. A., Krumpen, T., Kuhlmey, D., Kuznetsov, I., Lan, M., Laukert, G., Lei, R., Li, T., Torres-Valdés, S., Lin, L., Lin, L., Liu, H., Liu, N., Loose, B., Ma, X., McKay, R., Mallet, M., Mallett, R. D. C., Maslowski, W., Mertens, C., Mohrholz, V., Muilwijk, M., Nicolaus, M., O'Brien, J. K., Perovich, D., Ren, J., Rex, M., Ribeiro, N., Rinke, A., Schaffer, J., Schuffenhauer, I., Schulz, K., Shupe, M. D., Shaw, W., Sokolov, V., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stanton, T., Stephens, M., Su, J., Sukhikh, N., Sundfjord, A., Thomisch, K., Tippenhauer, S., Toole, J. M., Vredenborg, M., Walter, M., Wang, H., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Wendisch, M., Zhao, J., Zhou, M., and Zhu, J. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Physical Oceanography. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):00062, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00062

Nicolaus, M., Perovich, D. K., Spreen, G., Granskog, M. A., Von Albedyll, L., Angelopoulos, M., Anhaus, P., Arndt, S., Belter, H. J., Bessonov, V., Birnbaum, G., Brauchle, J., Calmer, R., Cardellach, E., Cheng, B., Clemens-Sewall, D., Dadic, R., Damm, E., De Boer, G., Demir, O., Dethloff, K., Divine, D. V., Fong, A. A., Fons, S., Frey, M. M., Fuchs, N., Gabarró, C., Gerland, S., Goessling, H. F., Gradinger, R., Haapala, J., Haas, C., Hamilton, J., Hannula, H., Hendricks, S., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hoppmann, M., Høyland, K. V., Huntemann, M., Hutchings, J. K., Hwang, B., Itkin, P., Jacobi, H., Jaggi, M., Jutila, A., Kaleschke, L., Katlein, C., Kolabutin, N., Krampe, D., Kristensen, S. S., Krumpen, T., Kurtz, N., Lampert, A., Lange, B. A., Lei, R., Light, B., Linhardt, F., Liston, G. E., Loose, B., Macfarlane, A. R., Mahmud, M., Matero, I. O., Maus, S., Morgenstern, A., Naderpour, R., Nandan, V., Niubom, A., Oggier, M., Oppelt, N., Pätzold, F., Perron, C., Petrovsky, T., Pirazzini, R., Polashenski, C., Rabe, B., Raphael, I. A., Regnery, J., Rex, M., Ricker, R., Riemann-Campe, K., Rinke, A., Rohde, J., Salganik, E., Scharien, R. K., Schiller, M., Schneebeli, M., Semmling, M., Shimanchuk, E., Shupe, M. D., Smith, M. M., Smolyanitsky, V., Sokolov, V., Stanton, T., Stroeve, J., Thielke, L., Timofeeva, A., Tonboe, R. T., Tavri, A., Tsamados, M., Wagner, D. N., Watkins, D., Webster, M., and Wendisch, M. , February 2022: Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition: Snow and Sea Ice. Elem Sci Anth, 10(1):000046, doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000046

2021

Jäkel, E., Carlsen, T., Ehrlich, A., Wendisch, M., Schäfer, M., Rosenburg, S., Nakoudi, K., Zanatta, M., Birnbaum, G., Helm, V., Herber, A., Istomina, L., Mei, L., and Rohde, A. , December 2021: Measurements and Modeling of Optical-Equivalent Snow Grain Sizes under Arctic Low-Sun Conditions. Remote Sens., 13(23):4904, doi:10.3390/rs13234904

Sun, B., Schäfer, M., Ehrlich, A., Jäkel, E., and Wendisch, M. , September 2021: Influence of Atmospheric Adjacency Effect on Top-of-Atmosphere Radiances and Its Correction in the Retrieval of Lambertian Surface Reflectivity Based on Three-Dimensional Radiative Transfer. Remote Sens. Environ., 263:112543, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2021.112543

Krumpen, T., Von Albedyll, L., Goessling, H. F., Hendricks, S., Juhls, B., Spreen, G., Willmes, S., Belter, H. J., Dethloff, K., Haas, C., Kaleschke, L., Katlein, C., Tian-Kunze, X., Ricker, R., Rostosky, P., Rückert, J., Singha, S., and Sokolova, J. , August 2021: MOSAiC Drift Expedition from October 2019 to July 2020: Sea Ice Conditions from Space and Comparison with Previous Years. The Cryosphere, 15(8):3897–3920, doi:10.5194/tc-15-3897-2021

Mei, L., Rozanov, V., Pohl, C., Vountas, M., and Burrows, J. P. , June 2021: The Retrieval of Snow Properties from SLSTR Sentinel-3 – Part 1: Method Description and Sensitivity Study. The Cryosphere, 15(6):2757–2780, doi:10.5194/tc-15-2757-2021

Mei, L., Rozanov, V., Jäkel, E., Cheng, X., Vountas, M., and Burrows, J. P. , June 2021: The Retrieval of Snow Properties from SLSTR Sentinel-3 – Part 2: Results and Validation. The Cryosphere, 15(6):2781–2802, doi:10.5194/tc-15-2781-2021

2020

Carlsen, T., Birnbaum, G., Ehrlich, A., Helm, V., Jäkel, E., Schäfer, M., and Wendisch, M. , November 2020: Parameterizing Anisotropic Reflectance of Snow Surfaces from Airborne Digital Camera Observations in Antarctica. The Cryosphere, 14(11):3959–3978, doi:10.5194/tc-14-3959-2020

Pohl, C., Rozanov, V. V., Mei, L., Burrows, J. P., Heygster, G., and Spreen, G. , September 2020: Implementation of an Ice Crystal Single-Scattering Property Database in the Radiative Transfer Model SCIATRAN. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf., 253:107118, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107118

Stapf, J., Ehrlich, A., Jäkel, E., Lüpkes, C., and Wendisch, M. , August 2020: Reassessment of Shortwave Surface Cloud Radiative Forcing in the Arctic: Consideration of Surface-Albedo–Cloud Interactions. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 20(16):9895–9914, doi:10.5194/acp-20-9895-2020

Duarte, P., Sundfjord, A., Meyer, A., Hudson, S. R., Spreen, G., and Smedsrud, L. H. , August 2020: Warm Atlantic Water Explains Observed Sea Ice Melt Rates North of Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(8):e2019JC015662, doi:10.1029/2019JC015662

Hartmann, M., Adachi, K., Eppers, O., Haas, C., Herber, A., Holzinger, R., Hünerbein, A., Jäkel, E., Jentzsch, C., Van Pinxteren, M., Wex, H., Willmes, S., and Stratmann, F. , July 2020: Wintertime Airborne Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles in the High Arctic: A Hint to a Marine, Biogenic Source for Ice Nucleating Particles. Geophys. Res. Lett., 47(13):e2020GL087770, doi:10.1029/2020GL087770

Donth, T., Jäkel, E., Ehrlich, A., Heinold, B., Schacht, J., Herber, A., Zanatta, M., and Wendisch, M. , July 2020: Combining Atmospheric and Snow Radiative Transfer Models to Assess the Solar Radiative Effects of Black Carbon in the Arctic. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 20(13):8139–8156, doi:10.5194/acp-20-8139-2020

Ruiz-Donoso, E., Ehrlich, A., Schäfer, M., Jäkel, E., Schemann, V., Crewell, S., Mech, M., Kulla, B. S., Kliesch, L., Neuber, R., and Wendisch, M. , May 2020: Small-Scale Structure of Thermodynamic Phase in Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds Observed by Airborne Remote Sensing during a Cold Air Outbreak and a Warm Air Advection Event. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 20(9):5487–5511, doi:10.5194/acp-20-5487-2020

Sun, B., Jäkel, E., Schäfer, M., and Wendisch, M. , January 2020: A Biased Sampling Approach to Accelerate Backward Monte Carlo Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulations and Its Application to Arctic Heterogeneous Cloud and Surface Conditions. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf., 240:106690, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106690

Pohl, C., Rozanov, V. V., Wendisch, M., Spreen, G., and Heygster, G. , January 2020: Impact of the Near-Field Effects on Radiative Transfer Simulations of the Bidirectional Reflectance Factor and Albedo of a Densely Packed Snow Layer. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf., 241:106704, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106704

Pohl, C., Istomina, L., Tietsche, S., Jäkel, E., Stapf, J., Spreen, G., and Heygster, G. , January 2020: Broadband Albedo of Arctic Sea Ice from MERIS Optical Data. The Cryosphere, 14(1):165–182, doi:10.5194/tc-14-165-2020

2019

Ehrlich, A., Wendisch, M., Lüpkes, C., Buschmann, M., Bozem, H., Chechin, D., Clemen, H., Dupuy, R., Eppers, O., Hartmann, J., Herber, A., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kliesch, L., Köllner, F., Mech, M., Mertes, S., Neuber, R., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Stapf, J., and Zanatta, M. , November 2019: A Comprehensive in Situ and Remote Sensing Data Set from the Arctic CLoud Observations Using Airborne Measurements during Polar Day (ACLOUD) Campaign. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11(4):1853–1881, doi:10.5194/essd-11-1853-2019

Jäkel, E., Stapf, J., Wendisch, M., Nicolaus, M., Dorn, W., and Rinke, A. , June 2019: Validation of the Sea Ice Surface Albedo Scheme of the Regional Climate Model HIRHAM–NAOSIM Using Aircraft Measurements during the ACLOUD/PASCAL Campaigns. The Cryosphere, 13(6):1695–1708, doi:10.5194/tc-13-1695-2019

Wendisch, M., Macke, A., Ehrlich, A., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Chechin, D., Dethloff, K., Velasco, C. B., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H., Crewell, S., Donth, T., Dupuy, R., Ebell, K., Egerer, U., Engelmann, R., Engler, C., Eppers, O., Gehrmann, M., Gong, X., Gottschalk, M., Gourbeyre, C., Griesche, H., Hartmann, J., Hartmann, M., Heinold, B., Herber, A., Herrmann, H., Heygster, G., Hoor, P., Jafariserajehlou, S., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kecorius, S., Knudsen, E. M., Köllner, F., Kretzschmar, J., Lelli, L., Leroy, D., Maturilli, M., Mei, L., Mertes, S., Mioche, G., Neuber, R., Nicolaus, M., Nomokonova, T., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Van Pinxteren, M., Quaas, J., Richter, P., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Schmieder, K., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Schwarzenböck, A., Seifert, P., Shupe, M. D., Siebert, H., Spreen, G., Stapf, J., Stratmann, F., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Wiedensohler, A., Zanatta, M., and Zeppenfeld, S. , May 2019: The Arctic Cloud Puzzle: Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multiplatform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100(5):841–871, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1

2018

Knudsen, E. M., Heinold, B., Dahlke, S., Bozem, H., Crewell, S., Gorodetskaya, I. V., Heygster, G., Kunkel, D., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Viceto, C., Rinke, A., Schmithüsen, H., Ehrlich, A., Macke, A., Lüpkes, C., and Wendisch, M. , December 2018: Meteorological Conditions during the ACLOUD/PASCAL Field Campaign near Svalbard in Early Summer 2017. Atmospheric Chem. Phys., 18(24):17995–18022, doi:10.5194/acp-18-17995-2018

Pithan, F., Svensson, G., Caballero, R., Chechin, D., Cronin, T. W., Ekman, A. M. L., Neggers, R., Shupe, M. D., Solomon, A., Tjernström, M., and Wendisch, M. , November 2018: Role of Air-Mass Transformations in Exchange between the Arctic and Mid-Latitudes. Nat. Geosci., 11(11):805–812, doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0234-1

Malinka, A., Zege, E., Istomina, L., Heygster, G., Spreen, G., Perovich, D., and Polashenski, C. , June 2018: Reflective Properties of Melt Ponds on Sea Ice. The Cryosphere, 12(6):1921–1937, doi:10.5194/tc-12-1921-2018

2017

2016